The History of Puerto Ricans Migration to the United States

The History of Puerto Ricans Migration to the United States Immigration to the United States has been occurring for centuries now. For years people from all different parts of the globe have dreamed of living in the United States, which is known to many foreigners as the land of opportunity. There are so many ethnic groups that exist in the United States that it has become known as the melting pot of the world. The Puerto Ricans migration to the United States was not an easy process. The Puerto Ricans faced discrimination in many walks of life in the USA. They were taken advantage of because they were naive and vulnerable to this new life. Eventually, in the twentieth century, the Puerto Ricans realized that they could stand†¦show more content†¦The Puerto Ricans were viewed as dirty and the Japanese were preferred over them. Therefore they were forced to work for extremely low wages. In the article Policies of Exploitation and Racism: Puerto Ricans in Hawaii it reads of disturbing examples of the unfair treatment they received ther e. The Puerto Ricans were thought of as dirty and lost jobs to the Japanese that immigrated there because there were considered better workers and cleaner. During the time period of 1898 to 1917 the Puerto Ricans that were living in the United States were considered to be citizens of nowhere. In 1901 there was a Supreme Court decision that stated Puerto Ricans: belongs to, but is not part of America. The Americans felt as though they could just claim this land to be their own but not claim full responsibility for it. Puerto Rico at the time was inhabited by only about one million people. By the year 1917 Congress passed an act that made Puerto Ricans citizens. Even though this act stated that Puerto Ricans were citizens of the US the Puerto Ricans still did not have a place that they could truly call home from a legal standpoint. But because this law was made it formed a relationship between the mainland and the island, which led to the industrialization of Puerto Rico and eventually the mass migration to the States. Bernardo Vega was born in Puerto Rico and was a tabaquero there. He was an intelligentShow MoreRelatedThe New York City s Puerto Rican Community1421 Words   |  6 PagesOn 7 June 1969, hundreds of Puerto Ricans gathered in Spanish Harlem, New York City to protest the arrest of Juan Fi Ortiz for a series of falsified crimes.[2] As a crowd gathered outside the People s Church in El Barrio, Felipe Luciano addressed those assembled asserting that, We will not allow the brutalization of our community to go on without a response. For every Puerto Rican that is brutalized, there will be retaliation.[3]Luciano s statements were not ignored, and as the crowd filteredRead MoreThe Story Of The Puerto Rican People Is Quite Unique In1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of the Puerto Rican people is quite unique in the history of U.S. immigration, just as Puerto Rico dwell a distinctive and sometimes confusing position in the nation’s civic fabric. Puerto Rico has been ownership of the U.S. for more than a century, however it has never been a state. Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917, but even with that they still have no vote in Congress. Being citizens of the U.S. they can move throughout the fifty states without any problems just as anyRead MoreEssay about Puerto Rican Migration to Nyc1142 Words   |  5 PagesCostanzo Puerto Rican Migration to New York City The story of the Puerto Rican people is unique in the history of U.S. immigration, just as Puerto Rico occupies a distinctive—and sometimes confusing—position in the nation’s civic fabric. Puerto Rico has been a possession of the U.S. for more than a century, but it has never been a state. Its people have been U.S. citizens since 1917, but they have no vote in Congress. As citizens, the people of Puerto Rico can move throughout the 50 states just asRead MoreMigration Problems for Puerto Ricans1681 Words   |  7 PagesPuerto Rico is a Spanish speaking region made up of one big island and a few smaller islands in the Caribbean Sea. It belongs to the U.S as an â€Å"unincorporated† territory. It was a place where the country’s constitution does not apply by default. Puerto Ricans are considered Americans. If you are automatically born in Puerto Rico, you are automatically a U.S citizen. They use U.S passports to travel internationally. Some people are inclined to view the Puerto Rican experience as a historical repetitionRead MoreHispanic Immigration And The United States850 Words   |  4 Pagesto the United States stems primarily from uniquely developed push-pull migration mechanisms in which â€Å"interplay of national, regional, and global economic developments, the history of U.S. military and foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere, the checkered history of international border enforcement and interdiction efforts, and, not least, the aspirations of Latin American migrants and potential migrants themselves† (Gutierrez). In other words, migration from Latin American to the United StatesRead MoreJournal Entry782 Words   |  4 Pagesalways know our heritage and where you ancestors came from. We may be United States citizens but our culture and homeland is elsewhere. Somewhere I am hoping you will one day visit. Here is a little bit of history about our dear homeland. The island of Puerto Rico (formerly Port o Rico) is the most easterly of the Greater Antilles group of the West Indies island chain. Located more than a thousand miles southeast of Miami, Puerto Rico is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean, on the east by theRead More The History and Culture of Puerto Ricans Essay2006 Words   |  9 PagesThe History and Culture of Puerto Ricans ETHNICITY AND EMPOWERMENT IN THE MIGRATION EXPERIENCE The Puerto Rican people have a rich history of culture and ethnicity. Despite the many migrations of the Puerto Ricans, an intense spirit of ethnicity and cultural pride has followed these people wherever they have gone, whether that be migrations from rural areas to industrialized cities or from the small island of Puerto Rico to the vast mainland of the United States. However, the struggles of theseRead MoreHispanic American Diversity Paper1544 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The United States is known as the melting pot because of the many different cultures that live here. Hispanics make up 35.3 million according to the 2000 census. Many people don’t realize that within the Hispanic culture there are many different groups. The different groups have different linguistic, political, social, economic, religion, and statues. Most Hispanics see themselves in terms of their individual ethnic identity, as Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban, etc. insteadRead More The Reasons Behind Puerto Rican Migration to America Essay2566 Words   |  11 PagesReasons Behind Puerto Rican Migration to America As a Puerto Rican who was born and raised in Hartford, I did not think much about how or why my parents are here in the United States. It was after reading the articles in Hist 247 Reader: Latinos in the USA that I began to question the reasons and conditions of my grandparents migration. Many think that Puerto Ricans began to migrate to the United States after 1898 when the United States took over Puerto Rico but Puerto Ricans have been migratingRead MoreThe West Side Story, Missrepresents Puerto Ricans1321 Words   |  6 PagesMISSREPRESENTS PUERTO RICANS YourFirstName YourLastName Course Title February 18, 2015 How â€Å"West Side Story† Misrepresents Puerto Ricans The west side story is a story about two gangs, the Sharks, who represent the Puerto Ricans and Jets, representing ‘the real Americans’. The two gangs are ever at loggerheads, with hatred and constant confrontations best describing their relationship. Many critics have shot down the praise of this film, by openly stating that, it falsely represented Puerto Ricans

Analysis Of The Movie Twelve Angry Men - 786 Words

No team member should left behind because of certain considerations; he or she must be recognized as a valuable piece of a team. Her or his opinion needs to be carefully taken into consideration. Her or his vote must equally count. Without these fundamental requirements, a team cannot effectively survive because team depends mainly on people who compose it. This assertion explains why these two topics below are crucial for the surviving of a team. â€Å"The Nature of Conflict: When team members have a common goal and feel accountable to each other, conflict can safely be used to see and understand varying points of view†. â€Å"An Assumption of Equality: One person, one vote is the operating rule for effective teams. Every idea is heard without judgment or comment, every idea has equal value These two topics seem very essential for a team effectiveness because it shows the accountability and value of each team member. The movie â€Å"Twelve angry men† is a perfect example to illustrate these two topics. In that movie, twelves men were assigned by the judge to decide if or not a young man murdered his father. These men came from different background, did not know each other but had something in common: the goal for which they found themselves in that team. Obviously, conflict was not avoidable because of their different personalities, education, profession, etc..; it was a real diversity group. In the beginning, the judge set the tone: the decision must be unanimous, one vote counted.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Twelve Angry Men 890 Words   |  4 PagesTwelve Angry Men Introduction The movie â€Å"Twelve Angry Men,† portrays the story of twelve jurors from different walks of life and how they came to a difficult decision regarding the life of an eighteen year old Puerto Rican defendant. The defendant is on trial for premeditated first degree murder of his father. The scene takes place in a New York City jury room. The evidence presented to the jury alleged the youth murdered his father with a switchblade the night of the murder. The story began atRead More12 Angry Men Movie Analysis Essay1174 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment: Twelve Angry Men Movie The movie Twelve Angry Men is about the twelve jurors that could adjust their influence in a decision-making process for conviction an eighteen years-old boy, whether the boy guilty or not guilty in murdering of his father. It represents a perfect example for applicable of a work group development framework. It also has examples of influence techniques among a group’s members. This paper is looking at those specific examples in the movie and focusing in analysis theRead MoreAnalysis on Twelve Angry Men1086 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis on Twelve Angry Men The movie Twelve Angry Men portrays an array of group dynamics by including the structure and functioning of groups, as well as the different types of roles each character plays along with their conflicts. The film displays these elements through a jury deliberation and the joint effort and the functioning of several minds together to search for the truth. These are just a few characteristics of group dynamics at work that is seen throughout the film. Group Purpose andRead MoreEssay 12 Angry Men Analysis931 Words   |  4 Pages12 Angry Men Analysis 12 Angry Men is a movie, directed by Sidney Lumet, about twelve jurors who are deliberating a murder trial. An 18 year old has been accused of murdering his father and the jury has retired to determine his fate. The jury performs a preliminary vote and the results came out to be eleven for guilty and one, the architect played by Henry Fonda, for not-guilty. The rest of the jury then begins to persuade the architect that the accused is actually guilty. Each member ofRead MoreUse of Persuasive Argument in 12 Angry Men Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesThe movie â€Å"12 Angry Men† examines the dynamics at play in a United States jury room in the 1950’s. It revolves around the opinions and mindsets of twelve diverse characters that are tasked with pronouncing the guilt or innocence of a young man accused of patricide. The extraordinary element is that their finding will determine his life or death. This play was made into a movie in 1957, produced by Henry Fonda who played the lead role, Juror #8, and Reginald Rose who wrote the original screenplayRead MoreMovie Analysis : 12 Angry Men1639 Words   |  7 Pageswithin a diverse group.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of cooperative communities while providing different aspects of leadership. Movie Summary The movie 12 Angry Men is a depiction of a jury deliberation in the 1950’s involving the trial of a teenager that is accused of murdering his father. These twelve men were brought together by a random selection process to make a unanimous decision. In the beginning, all jurors believed the boy to be guilty without a doubtRead More 12 Angry Men Essays1459 Words   |  6 Pages Twelve Angry Men is a classic movie depicting how one determined leader can alter an entire crowd. Through dedication, curiosity, and the pursuit for the truth he is able to persuade a group of twelve to second guess even themselves. Within this heterogynous group are a dozen different personalities - some of which were leaders and most of which were not. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The strongest leader in this movie by far is the Architect in the White Suit. Right off from the beginning at theRead MoreEssay about The Problem of Groupthink in 12 Angry Men934 Words   |  4 Pagessituational context includes the circumstances of the groups meeting, social roles and expected behavior. This notion is exemplified during the movie, 12 Angry Men. The purpose of this essay is to examine the movie content to display the groupthink symptoms in place. Groupthink consists of eight major factors that occur during the films scenes, as the twelve men debate a premeditated murder court case. All of the factors continue to rise as the jury discusses the young mans fate. During the film, aRead MoreSusan Sontag s A Woman s Beauty : Put Down Or Power Source?1017 Words   |  5 Pageshistorically been seen as sex objects while men have been seen as â€Å"success objects.† â€Å"Marked Women† by Deborah Tannen, â€Å"A Woman’s Beauty: Put Down or Power Source?† by Susan Sontag, â€Å"The Men We Carry in Our Minds† by Scott Russell Sanders, and â€Å"Man Bashing: Trivial Pursuits or a Truth with Consequences?† by Warren Farrell discuss these two sides to gender roles. These essays most effectively argue that women face more challenges in today’s society than men. Women are made to be sex objects by society;Read MoreLeadership Analysis â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† Essay2868 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿ Leadership Analysis â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† Olu Adewumi NCLC 375: Prof. Ampthor The movie â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† is about twelve male jurors, brought together in a deliberation room to decide whether a boy is guilty of killing his father. The deliberation starts with an 11-1 vote for guilty. As the movie progresses, the one man who had a reasonable doubt about the guilt or innocent of the young boy, convinces the

Association Mining Clinical Observations â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Association Mining Clinical Observations? Answer: Introduction: Evaluation of any program, be it a health program or any other public service program, is important for checking how perfectly the program fits for the public of a particular place (Issel and Wells, 2017). Most of the countries have evaluation programs, which are done by various governmental and non-governmental officials that are directed by governmental officials of the particular region. The most important programs for evaluation are the health programs as the wellness of the citizens of a country decides its gross productivity. It also is important to have a healthy population (Sonifield, Hasstedt and Gold, 2014). The report discusses about the studies on the health programs, done by Pawson and Tilley in the year of 1997 and 2004. The points that have to be kept in mind before evaluation of any health program as assisted by the above mentioned researchers are also going to be elaborated. It also emphasizes on the similarities and differences between the Pawson, Tilley evaluation study with that of the model designed by the Researcher Michell Issel. The report will also discuss about evaluation of an already existing evaluation of the program Medicare Australia by the government of Australia. It also highlights the pros and cons of the earlier evaluator program done on the Medicare Australia and gives an insight of the present situation of such initiatives. The discussion also focuses on designing a model of evaluation for the existing public health program of Medicare Australia. It elaborates the points under focus of the project and the points, which have to be taken into consideration to improve the existing program. The realist evaluation studies of Pawson and Tilley: The above mentioned Researchers define the realistic evaluation as a type of evaluation, done based on certain available theories on the subject or program taken into consideration (Pawson, 2013). It is a distinctive account of the nature of different health programs and the way in which they work. The study done by the Researchers emphasizes on the importance of evaluating programs, based on the scenario of the place, that is the evaluation should focus on the lifestyle of the people of the region and the environmental aspects of the place. The study should never be generalized for all people around the world as the cultures, climate and behavior of the habitants vastly differ from region to region. The model made by the Researchers, also highlights on the importance of personalized approach of the health programs that is different people need different kind of care giving. Programs should also have an approach to consider every individuals needs. The study also designs a methodology, which to an extent depends on the hypothesis about the program under consideration. The first stage of the evaluation begins with researching in various sources. The sources for evaluation can be library searches, interviews and documentary analysis. The second stage is to edit the data that are collected from the sources, the third step is to subject the chosen program under the hypothetical scenario. The fourth and the final step, needs an evaluator to assess and interpret the analysis done on the program. Similarities and Differences between the evaluation model of Pawson and Tilley with that of Michelle Issel: Both the approaches of the evaluation of health programs had the aim of improving the system of health programs available, to deal with the health of the public. Both the studies in contrast to the other existing evaluations have emphasized on the importance of health programs highlighting the health of people as individuals. Both the research projects put an abstract of the importance of the interaction between the stakeholders and the evaluators of the program. They also give an importance to remodel the programs in accordance to the needs of the public or customers with time. Both the studies highlight the need of examining the social and ecological ranges of different locations their program is spread. They focus on the different levels of population because the determinants of health problems vary in different levels. Both the research works also examine the efficiency of the social workers associated with the health program, this is a chief step because without the presence of an efficient social worker, the surveys conducted by the program do not have accuracy. Surveys are the primary projects of any program to design the procedure of their work, so, their conductance should be appropriate. Differences: The research done by Pawson and Tilley as described in the above paragraph, deals with realistic evaluation of a program, whereas, the model prepared by the Researcher Michele Issel direct practical approach of the Researcher to evaluate the procedures the programs apply for the sake of the public or their customers. Michelle Iselles evaluation is based on the quality management and improvement of the tools applied in the program. The study also involves the presence of many health professionals who are engaged in the operation of several health related programs. On the other hand, Pawson and Tilleys approach is theory based and it does not require a number of health personnel for the theoretical evaluation. Michelles work requires the presence of the public and the personnel from the health organization as sources, it gives a clearer knowledge of the position of the program. The study of Pawson and Tilley lacks the practical approach, which Michelles study includes, it takes only th e documentary films, library searching and other theoretical approaches as sources. The Pawson and Tilleys research work is purely hypothetical lacking the accurate scenario study unlike the work done by Michelle Issle. The study by Issel has considered a unique comparison of theory and practical examination of the programs, it also builds a relation between these two aspects of research works and gives an insight of the importance of relating the two types of studies. Pawson and Tilleys study does not approach to the practicality of the programs at all. The study by Michelle Issle, basically is done to help the students of evaluation studies to understand the process better, Pawson Tilley addressed their work for the public as a whole. From the comparison of the two studies, it can be inferred that the study done by Michelle Issle considers many more criteria for judgment of the health programs than the study done by Pawson and Tilley. The Medicare program of Australia: The Medicare Australia program is an initiative taken by the government of Australia, Department of Human health service (DHS). The program started on first of October in the year 2005. This program was previously known as the Health Insurance Commission (HIC). It is interlinked with the Department of Human Service. The Head Quarters of the organization is in Canberra (Health.gov.au, 2017). This program is one of the most popular in Australia because it covers a numerous health related issues under its policies (Rashid, Hoque and Sattar, 2014). The program was made to reduce the cost of medical expenses, and to minimize the time taken for admission in hospitals during emergencies and to govern the process of health promotion in a well- managed way. The organization also administers different programs in association with the Department of Health and Ageing. The program is nominally funded, that is the surcharge of income tax is minimally Some of the programs under the vast program of Medicare Australia are Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme, Special Assistance scheme, Medical indemnity, Doctor connect, Aged care and Indigenious Health. Evaluation of the Medicare Australia program by the Practitioners review program: According to the evaluation done by the Practitioner review programs of Australia, the program Medicare Australia has a proper framework that delivers a health system to the citizens. Studies done by Practitioner review programs also highlighted that the program helps millions of people of Australia with minimum wastage of resources (Mason, 2013). It also maintains the records of the people they served. The organization also has an online portal to serve the people and communities, registered under their program. The website also keeps a record of the identifications of their customers. The identification column also comprises of the reviews of the practitioners they are under treatment of, this feature reduces the risk of misplacing hard copies of the records and keeps the inappropriate costing of treatments in check. The examiners also sent their officials to the field -work sessions organized by the Medicare team to ensure the health of the rural people. The examination shows that the Medicare personnel do a thorough examination of the population by monitoring the health status of each individual of the village. The program does not emphasize on the different policies of cost cutting related to different diseases, it briefly discusses about the lineage of cost cutting in totality. Review of the evaluation done on Medicare Australia by the Practitioners Review program: The evaluation study of the Practitioners review programs gives importance mostly to the positive outcomes of the Medicare program of Australia (Panter-Brick et al, 2014). It minimally gives an account of the drawbacks of the program. An evaluation should be structured in such a way that the program can be worked upon and improved. The insight given by the Practitioners review programs, does not suggest points that can be improved. The vast program of Medicare Australia is examined but the sub- programs within the Medicare Australia are not discussed in the evaluation elaborately, this makes the study fragile because the process in which the sub-programs work, majorly impact the vast program as a whole (Cater et al, 2012). The environmental factors of the premises should also be under examination, but the Practitioners program omitted this factor. The positive points of the evaluation are that the program thoroughly investigated on the official activities of the Program. It examined the online availability of the customer care services they include to make certain that their care is par excellence, it also investigated the archives they have preserved of their customers and its genuineness. Field works are crucial to such health care programs as the people of remote areas are devoid of much communications from the city (Edward, 2012). The main aim of the field -work is to promote their program and assist the rural people with getting their policies done for economic as well as health benefits. The program also incorporated their officials during the health programs field works to remote places, in order to check the process the people of such places are handled by the officials of the program. An evaluation process to improve the Medicare Australia program by the Practitioners review program: Evaluation of the health care programs is important as the programs at present have a complex way of doing their tasks (Eldredge et al, 2016). The programs work immensely well at one place but fail to show such impressive results in the other because of the socioeconomic, fiscal, demographic, inter- organizational and interpersonal settings in which they are set up (Runciman et al, 2012). The evaluation of health programs should be done systematically (Drummond et al, 2015). The examination should be for the particular region the program is made to cover. The objectives should primarily consists of the following steps: firstly the operation as whole of the organization should be under evaluation, secondly the activities that are considered by the program should be checked, thirdly the operation in-charge should be noted and finally the number of people that is approached reached by the organization should be tracked (Luce and Elixhauser, 2012). The Medicare Australia program is a large program, which has sub- programs associated with it (Australia, 2015). This program hence needs evaluation of the sub-programs as well. The evaluation should be done primarily as mentioned in the above paragraph. The evaluation should be both realistic based as well as practical based. The study of previously available documents on the program, gives an idea of the ways in which it used to work, so that the degree of improvement can be accessed during the evaluation (Street, Gold and Manning, 2013). The theoretical analysis also establishes an understanding of the ways the organization operates in general (Pyrczak, 2016). Physical evaluation of a program, requires the presence of the evaluator in the site at which the program operates. Such evaluation gives a clearer insight of the scenario of the steps that the programs practices (Diamond, Horn and Uttal, 2016). The Medicare Australia program operation is appreciable as a whole, but certain areas need improvement. The program has a good online appearance but theoretical evaluation shows that it lacks the discussion of the sub-programs it conducts on the website. The management should upload information about the areas, which are taken care by the program, so that the customers have a clear idea about them. Medicare covers health cost for many diseases and surgeries (Harrison et al, 2015). In the present day occurrence of some of the diseases and ailments are increasing like the degenerative disorder of eyes named keratoconus. These disorders are not covered under the program as most of the patients need implantation (Britt et al, 2013). Such ailments should be taken under coverage policies so that the expenditure of the patients due to those diseases, reduce to some extent. The environmental factors of the premises in, which the program generally work needs proper assessment on a regular bas is (Kim, 2014). The cleanliness of the work place, a healthy surrounding atmosphere, a properly managed working system altogether makes an ideal program (Thakur et al, 2012). The evaluation needs to judge these factors too, for carrying a proper evaluation process. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that evaluation of public programs help in the improvement process. Health programs should be evaluated in first hand because health is the primary necessity for the growth of any nation. The two evaluation strategies discussed gives an insight of the ways the programs can be evaluated. The differences between the two strategic models designed by the respective Researchers, the theoretical model and the practical model, show how the two have their own pros and cons. The study done by Michelle Issle, covers a wide range of aspects unlike the study done by Pawson and Tilley program. Evaluation is going to be clearer according to the Michelle Issle model. The evaluation of the review done on the Medicare Australia by the Practitioners review program provides us with a gist of the process. Through such review studies, the others evaluators can get an insight of the process of examination. The program that was evaluated in the discussion, that is the Medicar e Australia program, is one of the most popular health programs of the country of Australia, the discussion about the improvements that can be done, helps to get an overview of the evaluation process of the health care programs. The discussion also sums up about the points that are to be considered for enhancement of the Practitoners review program on a regular basis. Evaluation of the health programs should be frequently done for the reasons mentioned in the discussion. Higher the rate of conduction of evaluation, better the quality of the health care programs. References: Australia, M., 2015. Medicare statistics.Canberra: Medicare Australia. Britt, H., Miller, G.C., Henderson, J., Bayram, C., Valenti, L., Harrison, C., Charles, J., Pan, Y., Zhang, C., Pollack, A.J. and O'Halloran, J., 2013.General Practice Activity in Australia 2012-13: BEACH: Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health(No. 33). Sydney University Press. Carter, S.R., Moles, R., White, L. and Chen, T.F., 2012. Exploring patients motivation to participate in Australias Home Medicines Review program.International journal of clinical pharmacy,34(4), pp.658-666. Diamond, J., Horn, M. and Uttal, D.H., 2016.Practical evaluation guide: Tools for museums and other informal educational settings. Rowman Littlefield. Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G.L. and Torrance, G.W., 2015.Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press. Edwards, B., 2012. Growing up in Australia: The longitudinal study of Australian children: The first decade of life.Family Matters, (91), p.7. Eldredge, L.K.B., Markham, C.M., Ruiter, R.A., Kok, G. and Parcel, G.S., 2016.Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley Sons. Harrison, C., Bayram, C., Miller, G.C. and Britt, H.C., 2015. The cost of freezing general practice.The Medical Journal of Australia,202(6), pp.313-316. Humanservices.gov.au. (2017).Search - Australian Government Department of Human Services. [online] Available at: https://www.humanservices.gov.au/search/dental%20program?f%5B0%5D=field_dhs_audience_groups%3A36 [Accessed 20 Sep. 2017]. Issel, L.M. and Wells, R., 2017.Health program planning and evaluation. Jones Bartlett Learning. Kim, J., 2014. Impact of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) factors on occupant evaluation of workspaces. Luce, B.R. and Elixhauser, A., 2012.Standards for the socioeconomic evaluation of health care services. Springer Science Business Media. Mason, J., 2013. Review of Australian government health workforce programs. Panter?Brick, C., Burgess, A., Eggerman, M., McAllister, F., Pruett, K. and Leckman, J.F., 2014. Practitioner review: engaging fathersrecommendations for a game change in parenting interventions based on a systematic review of the global evidence.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,55(11), pp.1187-1212. Pawson, R., 2013.The science of evaluation: a realist manifesto. Sage. Rashid, M.A., Hoque, M.T. and Sattar, A., 2014. Association rules mining based clinical observations.arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.2571. Runciman, W.B., Hunt, T.D., Hannaford, N.A., Hibbert, P.D., Westbrook, J.I., Coiera, E.W., Day, R.O., Hindmarsh, D.M., McGlynn, E.A. and Braithwaite, J., 2012. CareTrack: assessing the appropriateness of health care delivery in Australia.The Medical Journal of Australia,197(2), pp.100-105. Sonfield, A., Hasstedt, K. and Gold, R.B., 2014. Moving forward: Family planning in the era of health reform. Street, R.L., Gold, W.R. and Manning, T.R. eds., 2013.Health promotion and interactive technology: Theoretical applications and future directions. Routledge. Thakur, J.S., Bains, P., Kar, S.S., Wadhwa, S., Moirangthem, P., Kumar, R., Wadwalker, S. and Sharma, Y., 2012. Integrated healthy workplace model: An experience from North Indian industry.Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine,16(3), p.10

Knarls and Barkley free essay sample

Wake Technical Community Collage 91 09 Fayetteville Road Raleigh, NC 27603 To: Financial Aid Office Hello my name is Destiny McCall am writing this appeal because my gap is under a 2. 0 and my completion rate is under 67%. I had some many circumstances that occurred in 201 2, I was unable to continue going to my classes so I had to withdraw from all of my classes. Due to the fact was having issues with my mental health. I was unstable to continue my semester. I then took classes Fall 2012 and had stopped going to my therapy and became mentally unstable again. Have had many changes In my living arrangements with in he last year. I am now able to get back on track and focus on what I want in life which is to get my degree.And have a plan for any obstacle that may occur while in school and I now have the support need to be successful. We will write a custom essay sample on Knarls and Barkley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Im asking for consideration for my financial Aid to continue my education at Wake Technical Community College. Please don t hesitate to contact me if you having any questions. Step 3: Explanation of Steps for Future Success Describe the Steps that you have taken to address the circumstances and ensure that you will be able to meet the minimum SAP requirements in the future. Emphasize what will be different in your situation to allow success. Provide appropriate documentation, if applicable. 1 Go to class I know this one is mind-numbingly obvious but its important.Many professors lecture directly from Powering and post the slides to the internet. This makes it tempting to skip class, download the lecture notes, and learn the material on your own. Although I can probably get away with this in easy courses, I will face problems in challenging ones. 2. Sit in the front row Not only will sitting in the front row build my self confidence, it will automatically engage me in the lecture. I will be an eager student and highly visible to the teacher. This will help my academic reputation and make me more likely to develop a relationship with the professor. I will have a much easier time maintaining focus and will feel more like a participant than a passive observer. 3.Take notes by hand Another unfortunate side effect of the Powering revolution is that it discourages students from taking notes. Taking notes by hand will improve my grades because it forces me to pay attention, and the physical act of writing aids memorization. If I take notes, I will find it much easier to stay engaged. My notes also provide a point of reference that will help me build a mental link between a written concept and the professors verbal explanation. This is key for efficient studying. 4. Do a weekly review A common problem students encounter is trying to learn an enormous amount of material right before the midterm or final exam.This is practically impossible. I will find it much easier if I take a gradual approach to studying. At least once a week, I will review my notes starting from the beginning of the course. Will take 15 or 20 minutes, just enough time to build familiarity with the material. . Go to office hours Professors usually make themselves available at regular times during the week for students to ask questions about assignments. I am going to take advantage of this opportunity. First, attending office hours will motivate me to get ahead on my work and prepare questions to ask. This will give me a huge edge in understanding problems that arent clearly explained in the lectures.Second, it will build my reputation as a high-effort student who deserves high grades. Step 4: Students Certification and Signature Please read the following carefully and initial next to each statement. I have read the WATCH Satisfactory Academic Progress policy. I I I understand that if my appeal is approved, I will be placed on probation for one semester only. I I understand that if I am placed on probation, I am required to complete all classes with a C or better. I lam submitting a complete appeal form. Understand that incomplete appeals will not be reviewed. I I I understand that my appeal may be denied and that the submission of this appeal does not guarantee that my financial aid will be reinstated.

Biography of Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Tanzanian Leader

Biography of Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Tanzanian Leader Julius Kambarage Nyerere  (March 1922 - October 14, 1999) was one of Africas leading independence heroes and leading light behind the creation of the Organization of African Unity. He was the architect of ujamaa,  an African socialist philosophy which revolutionized Tanzanias agricultural system. He was the prime minister of an independent Tanganyika and the first president of Tanzania. Fast Facts: Julius Kambarage Nyerere Known For: First president of Tanzania, architect of  ujamaa,  an African socialist philosophy which revolutionized Tanzanias agricultural system and one of the leaders of the Organization of African UnityBorn: March 1922, Butiama, TanganyikaDied: October 14, 1999, London, UKSpouse: Maria Gabriel Majige (m. 1953-1999)Children: Andrew Burito, Anna Watiku, Anselm Magige, John Guido, Charles Makongoro, Godfrey Madaraka, Rosemary Huria, Pauleta NyabananeNotable Quote: If a door is shut, attempts should be made to open it; if it is ajar, it should be pushed until it is wide open. In neither case should the door be blown up at the expense of those inside. Early Life Kambarage (the spirit which gives rain) Nyerere was born to Chief Burito Nyerere of the Zanaki (a small ethnic group in northern Tanganyika) and his fifth (out of 22) wife Mgaya Wanyangombe. Nyerere attended a local primary mission school, transferring in 1937 to Tabora Secondary School, a Roman Catholic mission and one of the few secondary schools open to Africans at that time. He was baptized a Catholic on December 23, 1943, and took the baptismal name Julius. Nationalistic Awareness Between 1943 and 1945 Nyerere attended Makerere University, in Ugandas capital Kampala, obtaining a teaching certificate. It was around this time that he took his first steps towards a political career. In 1945 he formed Tanganyikas first student group, an offshoot of the African Association, AA, (a pan-African group first formed by Tanganyikas educated elite in Dar es Salaam, in 1929). Nyerere and his colleagues began the process of converting the AA towards a nationalistic political group. Once he had gained his teaching certificate, Nyerere returned to Tanganyika to take up a teaching post at Saint Marys, a Catholic mission school in Tabora. He opened a local branch of the AA and was instrumental in converting the AA from its pan-African idealism to the pursuit of Tanganyikan independence. To this end, the AA restyled itself in 1948 as the Tanganyika African Association, TAA. Gaining a Wider Perspective In 1949 Nyerere left Tanganyika to study for an MA in economics and history at the University of Edinburgh. He was the first African from Tanganyika to study at a British university and, in 1952, was the first Tanganyikan to gain a degree. At Edinburgh, Nyerere became involved with the Fabian Colonial Bureau (a non-Marxist, anti-colonial socialist movement based in London). He watched intently Ghanas path to self-government  and was aware of the debates in Britain on the development of a Central African Federation (to be formed from a union of North and South Rhodesia and Nyasaland). Three years of study in the UK gave Nyerere an opportunity to vastly widen his perspective of pan-African issues. Graduating in 1952, he returned to teach at a Catholic school near Dar es Salaam. On January 24, 1953, he married primary school teacher Maria Gabriel Majige. Developing the Independence Struggle in Tanganyika This was a period of upheaval in west and south Africa. In neighboring Kenya the Mau Mau uprising was fighting against white settler rule, and a  nationalistic reaction was rising against the creation of the Central African Federation. But political awareness in Tanganyika was nowhere near as advanced as with its neighbors. Nyerere, who had become president of the TAA in April 1953, realized that a focus for African nationalism amongst the population was needed. To that end, in July 1954, Nyerere converted the TAA into Tanganyikas first political party, the Tanganyikan African National Union, or TANU. Nyerere was careful to promote nationalistic ideals without encouraging the kind of violence that was erupting in Kenya under the Mau Mau uprising. TANU manifesto was for independence on the basis of non-violent, multi-ethnic politics, and the promotion of social and political harmony. Nyerere was appointed to Tanganyikas Legislative Council (the Legco) in 1954. He gave up teaching the following year to pursue his career in politics. International Statesman Nyerere testified on behalf of TANU to the UN Trusteeship Council (committee on trusts and non-self-governing territories), in both 1955 and 1956. He presented the case for setting a timetable for Tanganyikan independence (this being one of the specified aims set down for a UN trust territory). The publicity he gained back in Tanganyika established him as the countrys leading nationalist. In 1957 he resigned from the Tanganyikan Legislative Council in protest over the slow progress independence. TANU contested the 1958 elections, winning 28 of 30 elected positions in the Legco. This was countered, however, by 34 posts which were appointed by the British authorities - there was no way for TANU to gain a majority. But TANU was making headway, and Nyerere told his people that Independence will follow as surely as the tickbirds follow the rhino. Finally with the election in August 1960, after changes to the Legislative Assembly were passed, TANU gained the majority it sought, 70 out of 71 seats. Nyerere became chief minister on September 2, 1960, and Tanganyika gained limited self-government. Independence In May 1961 Nyerere became prime minister, and on December 9, Tanganyika gained its independence. On January 22, 1962, Nyerere resigned from the premiership to concentrate on drawing up a republican constitution and to prepare TANU for government rather than liberation. On December 9, 1962, Nyerere was elected president of the new Republic of Tanganyika. Nyereres Approach to Government #1 Nyerere approached his presidency with a particularly African stance. First, he attempted to integrate into African politics the traditional style of African decision making (what is known as indaba in Southern Africa). A consensus is gained through a series of meetings in which everyone has an opportunity to say their piece. To help build national unity he adopted Kiswahili as the national language, making it the only medium of instruction and education. Tanganyika became one of the few African countries with an indigenous official national language. Nyerere also expressed a fear that multiple parties, as seen in Europe and the US, would lead to ethnic conflict in Tanganyika. Political Tensions In 1963 tensions on the neighboring island of Zanzibar started to impact on Tanganyika. Zanzibar had been a British protectorate, but on 10 December 1963, independence was gained as a Sultanate  (under Jamshid ibn Abd Allah) within the Commonwealth of Nations. A  coup on  January 12, 1964, overthrew the sultanate and established a new republic. Africans and Arabs were in conflict, and the aggression spread to the mainland - the Tanganyikan army mutinied. Nyerere went into hiding and was forced to ask Britain for military assistance. He set about strengthening his political control of both TANU and the country. In 1963 he established a  one-party state  which lasted until July 1, 1992, outlawed strikes, and created a centralized administration. A one-party state would allow collaboration and unity without any suppression of opposing views he stated. TANU was now the only legal political party in Tanganyika. Once order was restored Nyerere announced the merger of Zanzibar with Tanganyika as a new nation; the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar came into being on April 26, 1964, with Nyerere as president. The country was renamed the Republic of Tanzania on October 29, 1964. Nyereres Approach to Government #2 Nyerere was reelected president of Tanzania in 1965 (and would be returned for another three successive  five-year  terms before resigning as president in 1985. His next step was to promote his system of African socialism, and on February 5, 1967, he presented the Arusha Declaration which set out his political and economic agenda. The Arusha Declaration was incorporated  into  TANUs constitution later that year. The central core of the Arusha Declaration was  ujamma, Nyereres take on an egalitarian socialist society based on cooperative agriculture. The policy was influential throughout the continent, but it ultimately proved to be flawed.  Ujamaa  is a Swahili word which means community or  family-hood. Nyereres  ujamaa  was a program of independent self-help which supposedly would keep Tanzania from becoming  dependant  on foreign aid. It emphasized economic cooperation, racial/tribal, and moralistic self-sacrifice. By the early  1970s, a program of villagization was slowly organizing rural life into village collectives. Initially voluntary, the process met with increasing resistance, and in 1975 Nyerere introduced forced villagization. Almost 80 percent of the population ended up organized into 7,700 villages. Ujamaa  emphasized the countrys need to be self-sufficient economically rather than being dependent on  foreign aid  and  foreign investment. Nyerere also set up mass literacy  campaigns  and provided free and universal education. In 1971, he introduced state ownership for banks, nationalized plantations and property. In January 1977 he merged TANU and Zanzibars Afro-Shirazi Party into a new national party - the  Chama Cha Mapinduzi  (CCM, Revolutionary State Party). Despite a great deal of planning and organization, agricultural production declined over the 70s, and by the 1980s, with falling world commodity prices (especially for coffee and sisal), its meager export base disappeared and Tanzania became the largest per-capita recipient of foreign aid in Africa. Nyerere on the International Stage Nyerere was a leading force behind the modern Pan-African movement, a leading figure in African politics in the 1970s, and was one of the founders of the Organization of African Unity, OAU, (now the  African Union). He was committed to supporting liberation movements in Southern Africa and was a forceful critic of the apartheid regime of South Africa, chairing a group of five frontline presidents who advocated the overthrow of white supremacists in South Africa, South-West Africa, and Zimbabwe. Tanzania became a favored venue for liberation army training camps and political offices. Sanctuary was given to members of South Africas  African National Congress, as well as similar groups from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola, and Uganda. As a strong supporter of the  Commonwealth of Nations, Nyerere helped engineer South Africas exclusion on the basis of its  apartheid  policies. When President  Idi Amin  of Uganda announced the deportation of all Asians, Nyerere denounced his administration. When Ugandan troops occupied a small border area of Tanzania in 1978 Nyerere pledged to bring the downfall of Amin. In 1979 20,000 troops from the Tanzanian army invaded Uganda to aid Ugandan rebels under the leadership of Yoweri Museveni. Amin fled into exile, and Milton Obote, a good friend of Nyerere, and the president Idi Amin had deposed back in 1971, was placed back in power. The economic cost to Tanzania of the incursion into Uganda was devastating, and Tanzania was unable to recover. Death Julius Kambarage Nyerere died on October 14, 1999, in London, UK, of  leukemia. Despite his failed policies, Nyerere remains a  deeply  respected figure both in Tanzania and Africa as a whole. He is referred to by his honorific title  mwalimu  (a Swahili word meaning teacher). Legacy and End of an Influential Presidency In 1985 Nyerere stepped down from the presidency in favor of Ali Hassan Mwinyi. But he refused to give up power completely, remaining leader of the CCM. When Mwinyi started to dismantle  ujamaa  and to privatize the economy, Nyerere ran interference. He spoke out against what he saw as too much reliance on international trade and the use of  gross  domestic product as the main measure of Tanzanias success. At the time of his departure, Tanzania was one of the worlds poorest countries. Agriculture has reduced to subsistence levels, transportation networks were fractured, and industry was crippled. At least  one-third  of the national budget was provided by foreign aid. On the positive side, Tanzania had Africas highest literacy rate (90 percent), had halved infant mortality, and was politically stable. In 1990 Nyerere gave up leadership of the CCM, finally admitting that some of his policies hadnt been successful. Tanzania held multiparty elections for the first time in 1995.

Fun French Number Practice for the Classroom

Fun French Number Practice for the Classroom Do you find teaching numbers boring, figuring that once youve taught your students to count in French, theres not much else you can do? If so, I have good news for you (and your students). Here are some great ideas for practicing numbers, including several games. Simple French Number Practice Ideas Use flash cards with the digit written on one side and the French spelling of the number on the other. Ask students to count by twos, fives, tens, etc.Count different objects in the classroom: number of desks, chairs, windows, doors, students, etc.Practice numbers with math operations: adding, subtracting, etc.Print out some paper money or use pennies and practice numbers by counting money.Talk about the time and date.Depending on the age of your students and your concerns about privacy, you could ask students about various personal details in French: birthdayagenumber and ages of brothers, sisters, cousin(e)sphone numberaddress You or your students can bring in pictures of food, clothing, dishes, office supplies, etc. and then discuss how much each item might cost - Ça coà »te 152,25 euros, for example. Good for combining number practice with other vocabulary words.One teacher found that students forgot to use the word ans when describing someones age, so now at the beginning of class, she writes the names of one or two celebrities or notable French people on the chalkboard and students guess his/her age. You can find birthdays in Today in Francophone history. Fun French Numbers Practice, Games and Activities British Bulldog / Dog and Bone A game for outdoors or a gymnasium: Divide the class in half, and have each side stand in a long line facing the other half, with a large gap for running between the two teams. Give each member a number: each team should have the same set of numbers but in a different order so that the students with the same number are not facing each other. An article, such as a scarf, skittle, or baton, is placed in the space between the two teams. Then the teacher calls a number and the student from each team with that number races to retrieve the article. Whoever gets it earns a point for his/her team. Number Toss Have the students stand in a circle and throw a nerf ball to another student (not adjacent). Upon catching the ball the student must say the next number. If s/he doesnt know what number youre on, says the wrong number, or pronounces it incorrectly, s/he is out of the game. Phone Numbers Have students write their actual phone numbers on a small piece of paper with no names. You can play too, by writing a phone number that you know well (such as the schools if you dont want to use your own). Collect the slips of paper and pass them back out randomly, making sure that no one has his/her own number. Everyone stands up. Start the game by reading the number on the paper you have. The person whose number it is sits down and reads the number s/he has, and so on until everyone is seated. Works well for listening, but they have to be able to say the numbers accurately enough for their classmates to understand them. I do this once theyve learned 0 to 9. Le Prix est Juste / The Price Is Right Teacher thinks of a number and gives students a range to guess from. Students respond and if incorrect, the teacher responds with plus or moins. When a student finally guesses the correct answer, s/he can be rewarded with a sticker, piece of candy, or a point for the team. Then the teacher thinks of a new number and gives a range and students begin guessing again. TPR with Numbers Write numbers on large cards, then call out instructions to the students: Mettez trente sur la table, Mettez sept sous la chaise (if they know prepositions and classroom vocabulary for example). You can mix it up with other vocabulary to catch them off guard and keep their attention: Donnez vingt Paul, Mettez la prof sur huit, Tournez vingt, Marchez vite avec onze. Or you can put the cards on the chalk tray and practice with avant, aprà ¨s, and cà ´tà © de: Mettez trente avant seize, Mettez zà ©ro aprà ¨s dix, etc. You might want to start with just five or so numbers at first; when they get good at those, add a couple more and so on. Zut Go around the room and count. Each time there is a 7 - a number with 7 in it (like 17, 27) or a multiple of 7 (14, 21) - the student must say zut instead of the number. They are knocked out of the game if they mispronounce the number, say the wrong number, or say the number when they should say zut. So the game should sound like this: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, zut, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, zut, 15, 16, zut, 18, 19, 20.... You can change the zut number periodically to keep them on their toes.

Management concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management concepts - Essay Example Traditionally organisations were designed keeping bureaucratic structure in mind. Bureaucratic structure can be defined as a kind of organisation structure which is based on judgment, order and reasonable use of proper authority. This type of organisational structure is destined to be organised, reasonable and highly efficient. The bureaucratic structure consists of clear allotment of job, ‘strict hierarchy of authority’, strict rules and actions and capability based promotions (Cliffnotes, n.d.). Bureaucratic organisational structure is based on official structure of authority which is formed cautiously and followed strictly. The features of bureaucratic organisation structure are: Clear job specialisation Departmentalisation by job Formal model of allocation High extent of centralisation ‘Narrow span of management’ Clearly described line and staff manager position Strict relationship between manager and subordinates Source: (Pride & Et. Al., 2009) Bureaucr atic Structure In Contrast To Matrix Organizational Structure In contrast to bureaucratic structure, matrix structure is based on vertical and horizontal form of authority. The delegation of authority in this type of organisation can flow in both ways down and across, however in bureaucratic structure the authority flows only from upward to downward. In each department there are cross functional groups. The groups consist of individual employees with varying specialty, proficiency and capability which are brought together to accomplish a mutual objective. For example, in the Matrix Structure, the less recognizable team is known as Project A, B, C team. The managers of these teams are known as project managers. The projects might be temporary; when the project is completed the teams will be separated. These teams have the authority to make major decisions. Any individual employee who is performing in the team can directly communicate with project manager as well as individual superio r manager (Fontaine, 2007). Contrary to matrix organizational structure, the bureaucratic organisational structure has strict control over their employees. The organisation is tall in nature. Max Weber, a German sociologist had introduced the bureaucratic theory. He had highlighted the requirement for hierarchical structure in organisations. The theory acknowledged the significance of allotment of labour and specialisation. A formal set of regulation is bound into the structure which ensures managerial constancy and regularity. Unlike matrix structure, the information in this organisation must pass through each layer of the structures which result in deliberate decision making. There is no authority of team with respect to decision making in this type of structure (Advameg, 2011) & (Walonick, 1993). Fig 1: Contrast of Bureaucratic and Matrix Organisational Structure Bureaucratic Organisational Structure Matrix Organisational Structure High Degree of standardisation Regular working m ethod are pursued in bureaucratic structure Low level of discrimination The organisation structure is mainly tall in

Rhetoric of Apple Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rhetoric of Apple Marketing - Essay Example The positioning of the products is based on Apple’s differentiation and innovation which in turn lead to the creation of a loyal customer base. Furthermore the use of the ‘halo’ effect which initiated from the sale of the iPod has resulted in Apple being able to increase its overall market share and better position its products which enable it to take away its competitors market share. Another advantage that Apple has over its competitors is the fact that it invests a higher percentage of its sales to Research and Development, which In turns aids Apple to better position itself and benefit from the first movers advantage when it brings forth new products in the market, effectively capturing consumer preference and attention. There are many other key success factors which formulate to the core strengths of the brand which in turn become an important reason for consumers showing a preference for Apple products. These can be attributed to the fact that Apple has very dominant footing in the personal computer market because of its differentiated and innovative products as well as the ease of use. Apple develops its own operating system, which enables it to be free from the complexities of the dependence on Microsoft operating systems. This gives Apple a lot of flexibility and control when it comes to its products physical appearance, specification and their overall usability. Apple does all this and at the same time is able to keep its Macintosh computers well-matched with their existing PC computers. Furthermore the perception of Apple products being closely associated with fashion and the latest current trends make it a product that is high in consumer demand as well as preference. Apple manages to constantly release products that are in line with the latest trends and styles, like the latest iPod and Mac mini, due to its research intensive office environment. This effectively makes Apple one of the biggest innovators in the market and keeps i ts consumers interested by maintaining its reputation of introducing new and creative products and ideas into the market first (Ireland, Duane, Hoskisson, Robert, Hitt and Michael, 2011). Apple’s broad target market also serves to be of an advantage in the way it aids Apple to position itself and viewed as a full-fledged digital convergence company that aims to facilitate and reinvent a consumer’s digital life. Building on this uniqueness, developing a strong brand name and culture, is a main asset when it comes to Apple standing out among its competition. This can be seen in the introduction of all of its products from the iPod all the way to the multi-touch screen of its iPhone. Consumers today are a lot more engaged in a variety of technology based activities. A core understanding of this changing trend and the needs of the consumers which are entrenched in the digital lifestyle, whether it is a PC or a smartphone, is major strength of Apple. Apple analyzes such tre nds that are a part of the consumers’ lifestyle and then correlates it to the increasing consumer electronics demand in the market. Furthermore Apple strategizes to focus on increasing connectivity between its various products which helps it fulfill the multiple needs of its tech-savvy customers. This in turn benefits Apple to pursue the additional opportunities of the expanding consumer electronics market (Hogan and Kurt, 2011). When you talk about the popularity and success of

Public Policy Essay Example for Free

Public Policy Essay Public policies are tools of governments used satisfy certain wants and needs of the citizenry that they cannot effectively satisfy individually or that are better served through collective action. Public Policy is governmental laws, rules and regulation, funding and courses of actions that are measured by the government. Public policies can be complex and can rapidly change under most circumstances. According to Medical University of South Carolina, Individuals and groups often attempt to shape public policy through education, advocacy, or mobilization of interest groups ( MUSC, 2012). The study of public policies is the examination of the creation, by the government, of the rules, laws, and goals, and standards that determine what government does or does not do to create resources, benefits, costs, and burdens. There are many different areas related to Public policy that affect every one individual by way of education, economic development, health care, housing, employment income, and immigration just to name a few. There are also international policies as well that affect the US such as importing and exporting goods that go out into the economy, weapons, and terrorism. any level of government, whether federal, state, or local may be involved in a particular policy effort because social problems, and the public demand for action on them, manifest themselves from the local to the national level. All areas of public policies are important and should be addressed as top priority because some policies such as education are just not a top priority. Schools, recreational centers, and teachers are being closed and laid off daily due to public policies and politicians trying to figured out ways to cut cost and meet budget requirements. Without parks and recreational centers for our children, crime is more likely to increase among our youth as well as the unemployment rate increasing among our teachers and without teachers, how are our youth going to grow and learn what is needed to become tax paying cit izens in society? Public policy is defined by Websters as the The basic policy or set of policies forming the foundation of public laws, especially such policy not yet formally enunciated. The United States Government has many policies in the area of the environment. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created in 1970 to help identify environmental problems in our nation, and to set policy on how to deal with those problems. Yet, with so much money spent by the government to deal with problems with the environment, it must be noted that problems still exist, even within the bureaucracy that was meant to help in the first place. During the presidential campaign of the last election, an issue arose concerning the energy crisis that was driving gasoline and oil prices up throughout our country. Vice President Al Gore supported President Clintons ideology of waiting for the proper legislative initiatives to pass through Congress, and when the situation merited, provide some limited releases of oil from the national oil reserve. Candidate George W. Bush, on the other had, favored drilling in the government protected lands of Alaska to find future oil reserves so that America would no longer be so dependent on foreign oil. The problem with Bushs plan, according to Gore, was that this could be devastating to the environment of the scarcely populated Alaskan wilderness. Regardless of the political, legal or moral implications of such drilling, there are problems dealing with multiple types of rationality in this issue. Others have noted the growing evidence that the increase in recent years in the frequency of such mega-hurricanes as Katrina is a result of global warming. A checklist of environmental policy failures must also include the administrations head-in-the-sand approach to global warming. The Bush administration has aggressively undermined international efforts to forcefully address such potentially catastrophic changes in the worlds climate as a result of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States and other industrialized nations. It is impossible to say whether even a responsible approach to climate change would have lessened Katrinas fury. But the fact remains that scientists believe global warming will make future hurricanes more severe. The presidents policy of blocking meaningful efforts to reduce global warming emissions no doubt means that future storms will do greater damage than they would otherwise. Huffington Post reported that Bush was heavily criticized at the time for the governments response to Katrina, a storm that caused 1,833 fatalities, damaged an estimated $81 billion in property, and ranks among the five deadliest hurricanes in United States history. He remained on vacation in Texas as the hurricane rocked the Gulf Coast, before belatedly cutting his trip short and returning to Washington (Huffington Post, 2013). References A Third Of Louisiana Republicans Blame Obama For Hurricane Katrina Response Under Bush. (2013). Breaking News and Opinion on The Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/21/obama-hurricane-katrina_n_3790612.html Definitions of Public Policy and the Law. (2012). Welcome to the Medical University of South Carolina. Retrieved from http://www.musc.edu/vawprevention/policy http://www.musc.edu/vawprevention/policy/definition.shtml Dictionary and Thesaurus Merriam-Webster Online. (2013). Dictionary and Thesaurus Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/

Cinema and Religion Essay -- Religious Religion Culture Essays

Cinema and Religion Entertainment media are contributing to the emergence of new and novel forms of spiritual and religious phenomena in our contemporary (and past) culture. The essays in this issue explore diverse facets of the morphing relationship between entertainment, spirituality and culture. Over the last century, the cinema has played a vital role in the expression and representation of Judeo-Christian religious practices and beliefs. Early cinema told the life of Christ in the Passion Play and Cecil B DeMille produced two spectacular versions of The Ten Commandments in 1923 and 1956. While cinema represented religious themes and figures, religious institutions also shaped the emergence of this moving image technology and its role within Western society; the wondrous moving image provided by the cinematrographe could open the viewer’s eyes to the work of God or, somewhat paradoxically, do the Devil's work by deceiving them with its illusionary spectacles. Two significant changes in this relationship between cinema and religion are occurring in our Post-millennial era. Firstly, the cinema is now participant in a complex audio-visual and textual culture that includes both established and emerging media – a Multiverse created from computer games, comic books, television programs, theme parks, virtual reality technologies and other new media. Secondly, traditional forms of religious practices and spiritual beliefs are shifting from their familiar locations in the church and community. Once, the cinema was seen as analogous to the Church because it provided a sacred space of worship. Now, however, the theme park, the computer game and cyberspace are the realms for an emerging Post-Millennial spirituality. We need to... ...rent media that shape and inform the fantastic and the spiritual in Western culture: from Francis I, C16th King of France who, reflecting a nascent version of the media star, constructed himself as a figure of worship; to the landscapes of Stephen King story worlds that present the reader with uncanny, Gothic spaces and narrative scenarios that question the ‘normality’ of everyday reality; to the transcendental pursuits of the magician and magic lantern technology; or the worship-like experiences inherent to fan cultures. We are living in an era where cultural identities, beliefs, forms of religious community, models of consciousness and what it means to be human are being transfigured. In the light of this transfiguration this issue of Refractory considers the relationship between media, religion, and the fantastic; and the every day and the sacred and the uncanny.

British Poetry

Restraint, whether in diction, image, theme, or meter can be used as expressively in poetry as bombastic meter or jarring images and complex diction. In some cases, a muted approach toward the formal expression of a poetic theme allows a poet to convey a sense of magnitude and urgency which one might not expect from a subdued or highly-controlled technique. However, British poets of the post-war generation such as Ted Hughes, Philip Larkin, and Derek Walcott exemplify the use of an aesthetic which makes effective use of a subdued and muted idiom.Their example is illustrative if not definitive of this tendency as applies to much of British poetry composed after the world wars. One interesting questions as pertains to these four poets is whether the impulse behind each of the poets' delving into muted understatement is similar or whether each poet sought for disparate reasons a similar style. For Hughes, a quality of stillness and contemplative quietness pervades most of his work, from his first published title â€Å"Hawk in the Rain† through his famous cycle of myth-driven poems â€Å"Crow† and beyond.In â€Å"Crow's First Lesson,† Hughes drives a complex theme (the cosmic nature of love and its role in the creation of the universe) against a linguistic pallette of utter simplicity. The words are delivered in the cadence of a children's story or a school primer:†God tried to teach Crow how to talk. /'Love,' said God. ‘Say, Love. ‘/Crow gaped, and the white shark crashed into the sea/And went rolling downwards, discovering its own depth. † Here there is a conspicuous absence of complex word-construction or even complex thought associations.In addition to the sing-song cadence and the child-like sentence structure, the images of the poem are those of simple construction: a god, a crow, a shark, a sea. No specific qualities are probed or explored for any of the poem's elements; there is no subjective reaction to the inne r-elements of the poem by the poet, there is no overt confessional element. The muted, simplified construction persists throughout the poem, even through the poem's most complex (penultimate) stanza:And Crow retched again, before God could stop him. And woman's vulva dropped over man's neck and tightened. The two struggled together on the grass. God struggled to part them, cursed, wept– At this point the poem can be said to have progressed out of its childlike facade and into its more difficultly explicated themes regarding cosmic creation, sex, love, and the relationship between men and women, and also men and women and God.The most obvious reason for Hughes' use of a muted, simplified construction in â€Å"Crow's First Lesson† is to forward the sense of new-beginnings. As though the reader is being instructed in the fundamentals of creation and (Creation) as he or she encounters the poems in â€Å"Crow. † The secondary reason for Hughes' use of poetic restrain t in â€Å"Crow† is to convey a sense of sacred respect and grief. These latter qualities may emanate form his personal experience as Hughes' biography, as is well known, is one which contains much personal suffering and grief.Hughes attains a nobility in the surface of the poem which masks the faces of the grotesque which lie just beneath and are most accessible in the poem's closing stanzas. In this way, the construction of the poem expresses Hughes cosmic vision of a universe of â€Å"laws† and â€Å"logic† which masks, just beneath, a procession of myth and archetypal realities which to human conscious perception are often terrifying and grotesque. Similarly, in Derek Walcott's â€Å"The Sea is History† a muted and highly controlled technique lends the poem a dignified and sacred air.Walcott's desire in this poem is to present the reader with a poem which offers as many shifting images as the sea itself while simultaneously preserving the rhythmic eas e of the sea's sounds and motion and also preserving a feeling of entering greater and greater depth as if the reader is being led into the sea and its pacific, hypnotic procession of images. Unlike Hughes, whose main emotive impulse in â€Å"Crow's First Lesson† is one of cathartic grief, Walcott's poem flows with a sense of grandeur and history.It is a far less personal poem than Hughes' in some ways, but in a many ways it is also more deeply personal as a confession of personal vision. Like Hughes, Walcott is ultimately concerned in this poem with a Creation myth: and in the salt chuckle of rocks with their sea pools, there was the sound like a rumour without any echo of History, really beginning. However, Walcott's poem traces back from the modern to the ancient past of time's beginning (leading the reader â€Å"deeper and deeper†) with little sense of grief or catastrophe. Instead, the pervading impulse of the poem is one of embracement.And it is necessary for the poem to mimic in sound and form its central image, the sea, in order for the thematic ideas of the poem, that history binds all times in a single flowing â€Å"sea† of being, to be expressed. Again, both Hughes and Walcott have nurtured a quiet and contemplative idiom in many ways as an homage to and symbol of their hoped-for connection with nature. The muted, contemplative qualities of these poems is an indication of the poets' desire to enter into the same quiet creativity that is often displayed in nature, and also to show reverence for the restraint and contemplativeness in nature:fireflies with bright ideas and bats like jetting ambassadors and the mantis, like khaki police, and the furred caterpillars of judges examining each case closely, and then in the dark ears of ferns It is worth mentioning that Walcott, in the closing lines of â€Å"The Sea is History† momentarily steps out side of the pervading feeling of contemplative discovery and descent into the paci fic depths. In the following passage, the poem modulates to a much more complex and verbally agitated state: â€Å"the plangent harp of the Babylonian bondage,/ as the white cowries clustered like manacles/on the drowned women†.It is likely that Walcott intended this change in diction and pace to indicate an urgency in its historical and Biblical references. While Hughes and Walcott attain mythic stature by way of a restrained and muted poetic technique, Philip Larkin's â€Å"Faith Healing† seems to lament the absence of a working, living myth in the everyday lives of the people of the poem. His vision is one of sadness and lost love: By now, all's wrong. In everyone there sleeps A sense of life lived according to love. To some it means the difference they could make By loving others, but across most it sweeps As all they might have done had they been loved.That nothing cures. An immense slackening ache, Larkins' emotional impetus seems to be one of empathy, providing in the poem what the faith-healer cannot rightly provide in the context of the poem's narrative. The muted and restrained diction, rhyme and meter in this poems helps to impart to the poem a sense of the pedestrian, everyday setting that is the poem's central concern. It is ordinary people with ordinary problems all who suffer who may be redeemed by love. So, Larkin's quietude is in reverence for the redeeming quality of love and nature, but is also a respectful lament for the people who have been left out of love's redemption.This â€Å"quiet† poem masks a deep and rebellious sentiment which lies at the heart of the poem's themes. Larkin in lamenting the lack of redemptive love and tying this observation to a â€Å"weak† religious impulse is, in effect, criticizing the spiritual sincerity of his own society and questioning the value of religious faith as affectation, when the authentic redemptive quality is love, not religion. In conclusion, each of the poets examines made use of a restrained and contemplative voice for the expression of deeply emotional and spiritually profound themes.For Hughes and Walcott, the accessing of myth by way of a restrained and tempered idiom which drew from nature its tone of creative quiet, led to the expression of mythically charged Creation stories. The expression of abiding grief and the identification with elemental nature is also present in each of these poets. For Larkin, the muted and restrained idiom found effective use as a method for conveying his bitter observations of spiritual and religious hypocrisy. In each of the poems discussed both similar and dissimilar motivations for the poets' use of a restrained technique were found.The connecting energy between these poets is one of grief and of identification with nature. The dissimilar aspects are those regarding personal versus collective expression, with Hughes closer to the at the end of subjective confession and Larkin moving toward the universal, and Walcott somewhere in between. The poets' uses of a similar compositional technique and philosophy seems not to have occasioned a similar emotive and thematic range. Each poet chooses to use the muted and restrained idiom for a different purpose,, united in style if not in purpose.

Fertilizers: Potassium and Compounds

Creating a liquid fertilizer Experiment Chemistry 1065 10/09/2012 Introduction The aim of this experiment was to create a liquid fertilizer containing Nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus; each element had to have 8% mass percentage. We were also required to add an additional element, magnesium and it mass percentage had to be 1. 5%. At the end of the experiment, the pH of our aqueous solution had to be between 6. 0 and 7. 0.As a group we predicted that we could not successfully create the liquid fertilizer with the compounds we were provided with, because some of the compounds would create a precipitate if mixed. As a result we decided that it would be take further experimentation of trying different combination of these compounds on small scale to help us successfully create the required fertilizer. This experiment is important because it is necessary to make a plant fertilizer that is environment friendly and that provides various plants with the nutrients they need to grow.This exp eriment was interesting because gave us the chance to see get in the perspective of the scientists who constantly keep working towards making the best possible fertilizers for plants. Recent attempts by scientists of making the ‘ideal fertilizer have failed because either the fertilizer is not environment friendly or it increases the birth-rate of agricultural pests. In this lab, we created several compound combinations to try and match the compounds in the required fertilizer.Some of our combinations worked, but some failed. We made adjustments to the original information provided to us in order to meet the standards of the required liquid fertilizer, and as a group we tried our best to indicate such adjustments throughout our lab reports so that the reader can be more informed about the experiment we did. . Experimental Because our prediction was that some of the provided compounds would not for an aqueous solution, we decided to try out some combinations on small scale to s ee how they reacted.The compounds we needed for these combinations were: Potassium carbonate, trisodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium carbonate, sodium phosphate, and sodium nitrate. We also needed some water to dissolve these compounds in. In order to perform a solubility test on the provided compounds we obtained a well plate, a spatula to add the solid compounds into the well plate, a beaker full of distilled water, a pipette to add water into the well plates containing two different compounds, and a stirring rod to stir the mixture.First using a spatula we took a small amount of K2CO3 and put in one of the wells on the well plate. Then we took a small sample of Na3PO4 and put it in the same well. Using a pipette we took 3ml of distilled water from the beaker and added it into the well containing K2CO3 and Na3PO4. The using a stirring rod, we continuously stirred the solution for 1 minute and we observed. Then we took small samples of K2Co3 and NH4Co3 and put them in a s econd well on the well plate. Then we added 3ml of water using a pipette. Using a stirring rod, we mixed the solution continuously for about a minute.Next we took small samples of NaNO3 and NaPO3 and put them in a third well on the well plate. We added some water using a pipette and stirred up the solution. Then we took samples of NaPO3 and KNO3 and put them in a fourth well in the well plate. We added 3 ml of water, stirred the solution and observed. Next we took samples of Na2PO3, K2CO3 and NaNO3 and put them in a fifth well. We added 3ml of water, constantly stirred the solution and observed. We then took samples of Na2PO3, K2CO3 and NaNO3 and put them in a sixth well plate.Then we added 3ml of water and constantly stirred the solution for a minute and observed. Through eliminating solutions that formed a precipitate we chose the solution containing, Na2PO3, K2CO3 and NaNO3 as the solution that could potentially be our liquid fertilizer because it contained nitrogen, phosphorus a nd potassium ions. Because we needed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to each have an 8% mass percentage in relation to the total solution, we calculated how much of each compound we needed so that the three required elements could have 8% mass percentage each in 10g of H2O.We calculate the amount of each compound needed by first figuring it in moles and then we converted it to grams. We replaced Na2PO3 with Na3PO4 because Na2PO3 was unavailable. After calculating how much of each compound we needed to make our fertilizer, we decided that we needed a beaker, a scale, weighing paper, pH probe, graduated cylinder, stirring rod, Magnesium and H2SO4 to neutralize our solution at the end. We started by weighing out 4. 23481g of Na3PO4, 0. 707g of K2CO3, and 5. 8221g NaNO3. Then we poured the weighed compounds into a beaker.We then measured 10ml of distilled water using a graduated cylinder. We then poured the 10ml water into the beaker containing our three compounds. Using a stirring r od we stirred the mixture for about three minutes. The compounds did not dissolve in water because the ratio of the compounds to the water could not allow the compounds to completely dissolve in the water. With instructions from our T. A we decided to divide the amount of all the compounds by 10. The new amounts of the compounds were: 0. 423481g of Na3PO4, 0. 0707g of K2CO3, and 0. 58221g NaNO3. We then weighed out these new amounts of compounds.We poured them into a new beaker and added 10 ml water. Using a stirring rod, we continuously stirred the solution until the compounds were completely dissolved. Next we got a pH probe to measure the pH of our solution. The pH of our solution needed to be between 6. 0 and 7. 0. We connected the loggerpro software to a laptop and we the pH collected was 12. 43. Since our fertilizer solution was a base we decided to neutralize it using an acid. The acid we chose to use was H2SO4. Using a pipette we added drops of H2SO4 to our fertilizer soluti on as we monitored the pH of our solution.It took 2. 4ml of H2SO4 to bring the pH of our liquid fertilizer to 6. 75. To make our liquid fertilizer complete we were required to add an additional element, magnesium such that it had a 5% mass percentage. We chose to use the compound magnesium nitrate because it contains a magnesium ion. We calculated that in order for magnesium to have a 5% mass percentage in the solution we needed 3. 05g of Mg (NO3)2. But because we had divided the other compounds in the solution by ten earlier, we had to divide the amount of Mg (NO3)2 paste to keep the same ratio.So after dividing the amount of magnesium needed by 10 we resulted with 0. 305g of Mg. We then weighed 0. 305g of Mg (NO3)2 on a scale and the poured it into the beaker containing our aqueous solution. Using a stirring rod we stirred up the solution until the Mg (NO3)2 was completely dissolved. We then finished the experiment by measuring the final pH of our solution which was 6. 7. Results Data 1 Compounds added to 10ml of water| Observations| KNO3 & NaPO3| When we mixed these two compounds in water, they formed a cloudy solution which turned clear after a while.There was some compound left at the bottom of the beaker and this was due to experimental error. | K2CO3 & NH4CO3| When we mixed these two compounds, they formed a cloudy mixture. One of the compounds looked suspended which meant it did not dissolve. | NaNO3 & K2CO3| When we mixed these two compounds, they both dissolved in the water although there was some compound particles left at the bottom of the beaker which was due to experimental error. | NaNO3 & NaPO3| When we mixed these two compounds, they formed a precipitate. NaPO3 & KNO3| When we mixed these two compounds, they did not dissolve in water, they formed a precipitate| Na2PO3, K2CO3 & NaNO3| When we mixed these three compounds in water, the completely dissolved| Data 2 Substance added to 10 ml of water| Observation| 4. 234g Na3PO4, 0. 707g K2CO3, and 5. 8221g NaNO3| Did not dissolve in water. The amount ratio of compounds was too big to dissolve. | 0. 423481g Na3PO4, 0. 0707g K2CO3, and 0. 58221g NaNO3| Completely dissolved in water and the pH of the resulting solution was 12. 3| 1 ml H2SO4| pH of solution dropped to 11. 14| 2ml H2SO4| pH of solution dropped to 7. 45| 2. 4ml H2SO4| pH dropped to 6. 7| 0. 03052 g Mg(NO3)2| Completely dissolved in water and the pH stayed at 6. 7| Calculations Amount of compounds needed. Note: We divided the final amount of the compound needed by 10 so that it would dissolve in water. What we need: 10g ? 8%= 0. 8 g N, 0. 8g P, 0. 8g K Element| Calculations| Amount of compound so that element has 8% mass percentage| Amount of compound so that element has 0. 8% mass percentage| Nitrogen| 0. g N3- ? (1 mol N2 / 14. 01g/mol N2)= 0. 057mol N20. 57mol N3- ? (101. 96 g/mol NaNO3) | 5. 8221g NaNo3| 0. 5221g NaNo3 | Potassium| 0. 4g K2+ ? (1 mol K2+ / 78. 2g/mol K)= 0. 005115 mol K2+0. 005115 mol K2+ ? (138 . 21 g/mol K2CO3) | . 707 g K2CO3 | 0. 0707g K2CO3| Phosphorus| 0. 8g P3- ? (1 mol P3-/30. 97g/mol P)= 0. 02583mol P3-0. 02583mol P3- ? (163. 94g/mol Na3PO4)| 4. 23481g Na3Po4| 0. 0423481g Na3Po4| Note: We used 0. 4g of Potassium because there are 2 potassium ions in K2CO3

Scary movies essays

Scary movies essays Every time I hear a new scary movie is appearing in the theater, I get really excited and want to see it right away. When I go rent a movie, I usually run straight to the horror section. As a little girl I would always beg my mom to let me watch the scary movie on TV, or the ones rented by my aunts. Over time I have noticed that I am not the only one who is drawn to scary movies. Ive noticed my friends and classmates always talk, with excitement and enthusiasm, about the latest scary movies that will be appearing at the movie theater. I also noticed that I wasnt the only little kid who wanted to see scary movies. My little brother, niece, nephew, and cousins always want to watch scary movies too. This made me wonder, what makes people want to watch scary movies? Could it be that some scary movies make us think. Maybe many of us wonder if it is real, or if it could ever happen? Where did the writer get the idea for the movie? Could it have been from a personal experience, something he/she heard of, or just something that came out of his/her imagination? I know that Ive started to question a lot of things after watching a scary movie. For example, could there really be things in the world that just cant be explained? Maybe the idea of there being an after life, makes us think of what could happen to us after we die. The idea of something challenging the normal and scientific makes us think about what we know and have experienced our selves. Another possibility, could be that we are attracted to the way scary movies are presented to us. Most scary movies are presented to us, as only the brave will watch this movie. Maybe we all want to see how brave we are, or if were easily scared. There is something about the way the dark is presented to us, in a scary movie, that makes the dark give off an appealing eerie feeling. As children most of us have a fear of the dark, at one point or anothe ...

John F. Kennedys Legacy in Education and the Space Race

John F. Kennedy's Legacy in Education and the Space Race While the last photographs of John F. Kennedy preserve him eternally in Americas collective memory  as 46 years old,  he would have been 100 years old on May 29, 2017. Education was one of the signature issues of President Kennedy, and there are a number of legislative efforts and messages to Congress that he initiated to improve education in several areas: graduation rates, science, and teacher training. On Raising High School Graduation Rates   In a  Special Message to the Congress on Education,  delivered  on  February 6, 1962, Kennedy laid out his argument that  education in this country is the right- the necessity- and the responsibility- of all.   In this message, he noted the high number of high school dropouts: Too many- an estimated one million a year- leave school before completing high school- the bare minimum for a fair start in modern-day life. Kennedy referenced the  high percentage of dropouts in 1960, two years earlier. A data study  prepared by the  Institute of Educational Studies (IES) at the  National Center for Educational Statistics, showed the high school dropout rate in 1960 was at a high 27.2%. In his message, Kennedy also spoke about the 40% of students at that time who had started but never completed their college education.   His message to Congress also laid out a plan for increasing the number of classrooms as well as increased training for teachers in their content areas.  Kennedys  message to promote education had a powerful effect. By 1967, four years after his assassination, the total number of high school dropouts was reduced by 10% to 17%. The dropout rate has been falling incrementally ever since. As of 2014, only 6.5% of students drop out of high school. This is an increase of 25% in graduation rates from when Kennedy first promoted this cause. On Teacher Training and Education In his Special Message to the Congress on Education (1962), Kennedy also outlined his plans to improve teacher training by collaborating with the  National Science Foundation and the Office of Education.   In this  message, he proposed a system where, Many elementary and secondary school teachers would profit from a full year of full-time study in their subject-matter fields, and he advocated that these opportunities be created. Initiatives like teacher training were part of Kennedys New Frontier  programs. Under the policies of the New Frontier, legislation was passed to expand scholarships and student loans with  increases in funds for libraries and school lunches. There were also funds directed to teach the deaf, children with disabilities, and children who were gifted. In addition, literacy training was authorized under Manpower Development and Training Act (1962) as well as an allocation of Presidental funds to stop dropouts and the  Vocational Education Act (1963). Kennedy saw education as critical to maintaining the economic  strength of the nation.  According to Ted Sorenson,  Kennedys speechwriter, no other domestic issue occupied Kennedy as much as education. Sorenson quotes Kennedy as saying: Our progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress in education. The human mind is our fundamental resource. On Science  and Space Exploration The successful launch of  Sputnik 1,  the first artificial Earth satellite, by  the Soviet space program  on October 4, 1957, alarmed American scientists and politicians alike. President  Dwight Eisenhower appointed the first presidential science adviser, and a Science Advisory Committee asked part-time scientists to serve as advisers for their initial steps. On April 12, 1961, only four short months into Kennedys presidency, the Soviets had another stunning  success. Their Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin completed a successful mission to and from space. Despite the fact that the United States space program was still in its infancy, Kennedy responded to the Soviets with his own challenge, known as the moon shot, in which Americans would be the first to land on the moon.   In a speech  on  May 25, 1961, before a joint session of Congress, Kennedy proposed  space exploration to put astronauts on the moon, as well as other projects including nuclear rockets and weather satellites. He was quoted as saying: But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead. Again, at  Rice University on September 12, 1962, Kennedy  proclaimed that America would have a  goal to land a man on the moon and bring him back by the end of the decade, a goal that would be directed to educational institutions: The growth of our science and education will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for industry, medicine, the home as well as the school. As the American  space program known as Gemini was pulling ahead of the Soviets, Kennedy gave one of his last speeches on October 22, 1963,  before the National Academy of Sciences, which was celebrating its 100th anniversary. He expressed his overall support for the  space program and emphasized the overall importance of science to the country: â€Å" The question in all our minds today is how science can best continue its service to the Nation, to the people, to the world, in the years to come†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Six years later, on July 20, 1969,  Kennedys efforts came to fruition  when Apollo 11 commander Neil Armstrong took a giant step for mankind and stepped onto the Moons surface.

Marketing of Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing of Service - Essay Example In the food industry, customer satisfaction and loyalty are largely influenced by the frontline service providers. Therefore, the employees who come into first contact with customers in the Tony Roma hotel have been empowered with skills to handle multiple clients. The company has invested in professional recruiting and selection programs1. These investments are essential to the provision of world-class services at to the customers at the frontline. The company is intentional about providing quality services to both internal and external customers2. Tony Roma hotel is keen on conducting research with an aim to reinforce the brand image and facilitate marketing. The selection procedure of the frontline employees entails checking the emotional intelligence of the workers. Data mining has been an effective method of ensuring high class services are offered by the frontline employees3. Frontline services have to be scripted if professionalism is to be enforced. Studies show that the most effective organizations have structures of picking employees and a culture of excellence4. This includes the frontline services. Tony Roma has been careful to manage customer expectations. The company has used developed marketing communication to shape customer expectations. Training has significantly reduced the roles ambiguity and conflict that can affect the quality of services at the front office5. Transparency in communications has raised the morale of the frontline workers at the Tony Roma hotel. In the food industry, understanding cultural differences play a crucial role in attracting and retaining customers. The company offers training that significantly reduces ethnocentric attitudes among the workforce. The ethnic diversity among frontline employees is harnessed to become an advantage to the company. Tony Roma is heavily investing in service innovations that are unique and customer oriented. The services are aimed at giving the organization a competitive edge at the front office. In most companies, frontline employees have the least voice since they are viewed as mere front office attendants6. However, the strategic policy of Tony Roma appreciates the enormous influence of the FLEs to the mindset of the potential clients. This is the reasoning behind the empowered, competent and energized frontline employees in Tony Roma. SERVQUAL dimensions of Reliability, assurance, empathy and responsiveness The company wants the frontline office to create brand experiences and not mere services. Frontline employees are trained to engage customers in lively and professional dialogues. The frontline officers are dependable when it comes to strategic planning, liaising the necessary departments and the external environment. The employees are expected to be eloquent and courteous while dealing with clients. They are required to conduct follow up of the customer requests and services. The company emphasizes on soft skills and likable personality traits as opposed to experienced and hardened personalities7. According to the company’s management, frontline employees are the face of the hotel8. Therefore, frontline employees are supposed to have natural social skills and authenticity while dealing with customers9. The company insists that the facial expression of joy must be perceived to be authentic and